Understanding the Current Challenges Facing the South Korean Won

By Patricia Miller

Jun 09, 2026

2 min read

South Korea's won is declining against the US dollar, raising concerns among officials regarding economic fundamentals and speculative activities.

#What is happening with South Korea's currency?

The Korean won is experiencing a notable decline against the US dollar, yet officials maintain that this depreciation doesn't reflect South Korea's economic stability. Recently, the won fell to levels above 1,540 per USD, with transient spikes reaching 1,555. This marks a stark contrast to the nation's robust economic indicators, which include being the 13th-largest economy globally. South Korea is home to major companies like Samsung and Hyundai, underscoring its strong economic fundamentals.

#Why are South Korean officials concerned about the won?

South Korean authorities are expressing concern about the extent of the won’s decline, claiming it is disproportionate to the nation’s economic conditions. The Second Vice Finance Minister has indicated that the volatility of the won appears excessive when aligned with core economic data. The Bank of Korea's Governor previously noted that the currency was misaligned while trading in the high-1,400 range. However, the currency continues to weaken, broadening the gap between expected and actual values.

#What role does speculation play in the won's value?

Authorities identify speculative activity as a significant contributor to the won's depreciation. A specific concern has emerged around non-deliverable forwards (NDFs), which are contracts allowing traders to speculate on currency movements without actual currency exchanges. Additionally, a notable structural issue is occurring as investments are flowing out of South Korea at rates higher than the country's current account surplus, meaning more capital is leaving in pursuit of foreign investments than is being generated from trade.

#How are South Korea's authorities planning to address this issue?

In response to these challenges, South Korean authorities are committing to controlling excessive volatility in the foreign exchange market. They plan to implement stabilization measures aimed at smoothing out abrupt fluctuations rather than defending a specific exchange rate, which could prove costly. By extending FX trading hours, the government hopes to enhance market liquidity, reducing susceptibility to speculative actions.

#What should investors keep in mind regarding the won?

The proactive stance adopted by the Ministry of Economy and Finance and the Bank of Korea should capture the attention of investors. When government agencies express concerns about excessive volatility, it could signal a shift from mere verbal intervention to more actionable strategies. Furthermore, in the realm of cryptocurrencies, the won's instability introduces complexities that may affect capital flows into digital assets. Monitoring the dynamics of capital outflows will be crucial, as persistent outflows surpassing the current surplus may undermine efforts to stabilize the won over time.

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Important Notice And Disclaimer

This article does not provide any financial advice and is not a recommendation to deal in any securities or product. Investments may fall in value and an investor may lose some or all of their investment. Past performance is not an indicator of future performance.